Transcript Key

GENERAL INFORMATION

The transcript key provides guidance on how to read the grades, symbols, and course numbers that appear on an official transcript issued by Villanova University. The official University transcript may vary based on the system of record at the time a student attended.

Course Numbering System

Course numbers below 7000 are generally undergraduate courses, with the exception of the Executive MBA program which also uses course numbers below 7000. Course numbers 7000 to 7999 are graduate courses to which qualified undergraduates are admitted for undergraduate credit. Courses 8000 and above are generally limited to graduate students only. For the Law school: 5000 level courses are Practical Writing courses; 6000 level courses are seminars (with the exception of Journals); 7000 level courses are electives; 8000 level courses are Externships.

Credit Hours, Continuing Education Units

All of Villanova's undergraduate programs and many of its graduate and professional programs use credit hours as a general measurement of academic work and progress toward a degree. One unit of credit is granted for at least one lecture or recitation period per week, each period to be not less than 50 minutes. One laboratory period of not less than 2 hours duration is considered the equivalent of one lecture or recitation period.

The Continuing Education Unit (CEU) is a nationally recognized unit of measure standardizing participation in non-degree continuing education courses. Per the US Department of Education, a CEU is defined as (10) contact hours in an organized program under responsible sponsorship, capable direction, and qualified instruction. The CEU is used in the College of Professional Studies Continuing Education division.

Grade Point Average (GPA)

A student's GPA is determined by multiplying the number of credits for each course by the allotted quality points for the grade received, then dividing the total credits attempted into the total quality points earned. Beginning September 1964, only Villanova credits are computed into the cumulative average.

Transcripts Symbols and Notations

The "&" sign next to the letter grade indicates that the grade was deleted from the computation of the GPA by order of the Dean.
An "A" appearing to the right of the quality points indicates that the course was a repeat (and not counted in credits earned).
Transfer credits from other institutions are shown under a heading "Transfer Credits" and/or have a grade of "T".
Figures printed below each semester's roster are explained by the headings or, if there are no headings: Semester Credits Attempted, Credits Earned, Quality Points, Grade Point Average and (on undergraduate and Law records) Rank in Class (by College and Rank in Major). Graduate students are not ranked. Prior to Fall 1967, rank in class by college was omitted. As of the Spring 2008 semester, Villanova no longer calculates Rank for undergraduate students. Prior to Spring 1977, the credits attempted figure did not appear on graduate or undergraduate records.
Dismissal by Academic Standing Committee is noted on undergraduate records. Academic Probation and disciplinary actions generally do not appear on the academic record.

Interpreting Grades - Grades by Level

The various schools and divisions of the University use different grading systems on the transcript. Find the specific grade systems that apply to each level below.
_______________________________________________________________

+-Undergraduate Programs

A	Excellent
A-
B+
B	Good
B-
C+
C	Fair
C-
D+
D	Passing
D-
F	Failure
XF	Failure due to excessive absences – freshmen only (eliminated as a separate grade in Spring 1995)
Y	Unofficial withdrawal from a course (also, beginning in Spring 1995, failure due to excessive absences for freshmen only)
WX	Approved Withdrawal (without penalty)*
W	Approved Withdrawal (with penalty)
N	Incomplete*
NF	Failure to remove an incomplete grade
NG, NGR	No grade reported*
AU	Audit*
CE	Credit by Examination*
(P), P	Passing – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
(F),F#	Failure – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
S	Satisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses* (S indicates a grade of C or higher)
U	Unsatisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses*
T	Transfer Credit*
AP	Advanced Placement (College Board AP Test or International Baccalaureate program)*
IP	In Progress – assigned in Thesis and Research*
OC	Indication of Off-Campus Enrollment effective Fall 2012*

Passing Grades in Pass/Fail and Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses are counted in credits earned.
* Indicates grades not counted into the Grade Point Average.

Minus grades were initiated in Fall 1995. Plus grades were initiated in the Spring 1970 Semester.
Before Spring 1960, grade of W indicated withdrawal from the University.

Prior to Spring 1982, A grade enclosed in parentheses, e.g. (P) or (F) indicated a grade point average. A (P) grade was counted in the credits earned.
Prior to 1938 the minimum passing grade was 50%. At present time there is no numerical equivalent.
As of December 1973, all credits counted toward graduation are included in the credits earned figure.

GRADE VALUES
Grade	Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
F	0.0	XF	0.0
W	0/0	Y	0.0
NF	0/0
Prior to Fall 1995		Beginning Fall 1995
Grade	Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
A	4.0	A	4.00
B+	3.5	A-	3.67
B	3.0	B+	3.33
C+	2.5	B	3.00
C	2.0	B-	2.67
D+	1.5	C+	2.33
D	1.0	C	2.00
		C-	1.67
		D+	1.33
		D	1.00
		D-	.67

+-Graduate Arts & Sciences

A	Excellent
A-
B+
B	Good
B-
C+
C	Fair
F	Failure
WX	Approved Withdrawal (without penalty)*
N	Incomplete*
NF	Failure to remove an incomplete grade
NG, NGR	No grade reported*
AU	Audit*
CE	Credit by Examination*
(P), P	Passing – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
(F),F#	Failure – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
S	Satisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses* (S indicates a grade of C or higher)
U	Unsatisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses*
T	Transfer Credit*
IP	In Progress – assigned in Thesis and Research*
OC	Indication of Off-Campus Enrollment effective Fall 2012*

Passing Grades in Pass/Fail and Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses are counted in credits earned.

* Indicates grades not counted into the Grade Point Average.

Minus grades were initiated in Fall 1995.
All credits counted toward graduation are included in the credits earned figure. Only Villanova credits are included in the computation of the cumulative average.

Plus (+) grades were initiated and the “D” grade (Passing- No Graduate credit) was eliminated in the Fall, 1974, semester.

The “Z” grade (Absent from Final Examination) was discontinued after Spring, 1974.
As of December 1973, all credits counted toward graduation are included in the credits earned figure. Only Villanova credits are included in the computation of the cumulative average.

Prior to August 1959 - H = Excellent, P = Passing, F = Failure

GRADE VALUES
Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
0.0	XF	0.0
0/0	Y	0.0
0/0
Prior to Fall 1995		Beginning Fall 1995
Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
4.0	A	4.00
3.5	A-	3.67
3.0	B+	3.33
2.5	B	3.00
2.0	B-	2.67
1.5	C+	2.33
1.0	C	2.00
	C-	1.67
	D+	1.33
	D	1.00
	D-	.67

+-Graduate Business

A	Excellent
A-
B+
B	Good
B-
C+
C	Fair
F	Failure
WX	Approved Withdrawal (without penalty)*
N	Incomplete*
NF	Failure to remove an incomplete grade
NG, NGR	No grade reported*
AU	Audit*
CE	Credit by Examination*
(P), P	Passing – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
(F),F#	Failure – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
S	Satisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses* (S indicates a grade of C or higher)
U	Unsatisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses*
T	Transfer Credit*
IP	In Progress – assigned in Thesis and Research*
OC	Indication of Off-Campus Enrollment effective Fall 2012*

Passing Grades in Pass/Fail and Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses are counted in credits earned.

* Indicates grades not counted into the Grade Point Average.

Minus grades were initiated in Fall 2002.
All credits counted toward graduation are included in the credits earned figure. Only Villanova credits are included in the computation of the cumulative average.

Plus (+) grades were initiated and the “D” grade (Passing- No Graduate credit) was eliminated in the Fall, 1974, semester.

Prior to August 1959 - H = Excellent, P = Passing, F = Failure

GRADE VALUES
Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
0.0	XF	0.0
0/0	Y	0.0
0/0
Prior to Fall 2002		Beginning Fall 2002
Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
4.0	A	4.00
3.5	A-	3.67
3.0	B+	3.33
2.5	B	3.00
2.0	B-	2.67
1.5	C+	2.33
1.0	C	2.00
	C-	1.67
	D+	1.33
	D	1.00
	D-	.67

+-Graduate Engineering

A	Excellent
A-
B+
B	Good
B-
C+
C	Fair
F	Failure
WX	Approved Withdrawal (without penalty)*
N	Incomplete*
NF	Failure to remove an incomplete grade
NG, NGR	No grade reported*
AU	Audit*
CE	Credit by Examination*
(P), P	Passing – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
(F),F#	Failure – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
S	Satisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses* (S indicates a grade of C or higher)
U	Unsatisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses*
T	Transfer Credit*
IP	In Progress – assigned in Thesis and Research*
OC	Indication of Off-Campus Enrollment effective Fall 2012*

Passing Grades in Pass/Fail and Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses are counted in credits earned.

* Indicates grades not counted into the Grade Point Average.

Minus grades were initiated in Fall 1995.
As of 2010, C- is not a valid grade in Graduate Engineering.
All credits counted toward graduation are included in the credits earned figure. Only Villanova credits are included in the computation of the cumulative average.

Plus (+) grades were initiated and the “D” grade (Passing- No Graduate credit) was eliminated in the Fall, 1974, semester.

Prior to August 1959 - H = Excellent, P = Passing, F = Failure

GRADE VALUES
Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
0.0	XF	0.0
0/0	Y	0.0
0/0
Prior to Fall 1995		Beginning Fall 1995
Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
4.0	A	4.00
3.5	A-	3.67
3.0	B+	3.33
2.5	B	3.00
2.0	B-	2.67
1.5	C+	2.33
1.0	C	2.00
	C-	1.67
	D+	1.33
	D	1.00
	D-	.67

+-Graduate Nursing

A	Excellent
A-
B+
B	Good
B-
C+
C	Fair
F	Failure
WX	Approved Withdrawal (without penalty)*
N	Incomplete*
NF	Failure to remove an incomplete grade
NG, NGR	No grade reported*
AU	Audit*
CE	Credit by Examination*
(P), P	Passing – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
(F),F#	Failure – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses*
S	Satisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses* (S indicates a grade of C or higher)
U	Unsatisfactory – assigned in Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses*
T	Transfer Credit*
IP	In Progress – assigned in Thesis and Research*
OC	Indication of Off-Campus Enrollment effective Fall 2012*

Passing Grades in Pass/Fail and Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory courses are counted in credits earned.
* Indicates grades not counted into the Grade Point Average.

Minus grades were initiated in Fall 1995.
As of 2010, C- is not a valid grade in Graduate Nursing.
All credits counted toward graduation are included in the credits earned figure. Only Villanova credits are included in the computation of the cumulative average.

Plus (+) grades were initiated and the “D” grade (Passing- No Graduate credit) was eliminated in the Fall, 1974, semester.

Prior to August 1959 - H = Excellent, P = Passing, F = Failure

GRADE VALUES
Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
0.0	XF	0.0
0/0	Y	0.0
0/0
Prior to Fall 1995		Beginning Fall 1995
Quality Points	Grade	Quality Points
4.0	A	4.00
3.5	A-	3.67
3.0	B+	3.33
2.5	B	3.00
2.0	B-	2.67
1.5	C+	2.33
1.0	C	2.00
	C-	1.67
	D+	1.33
	D	1.00
	D-	.67

+-Graduate Tax - Charles Widger School of Law

Academic Years 2008-09 to Present
	Grade	Quality Points
A	Excellent	4.00
A-		3.67
B+	Outstanding	3.33
B	Very Good	3.00
B-		2.67
C+	Good	2.33
C	Satisfactory	2.00
C-	Marginally Satisfactory	1.67
D	Unsatisfactory	1.00
F	Failure	<1.00
These grades included in Earned Hours Only:
P	Pass Assigned in Pass/Fail Courses
(Grade)&	Grade assigned in a Villanova MBA or Graduate Tax Program Course
*(Grade)	Grade assigned in a Villanova MBA or Graduate Tax Program Course (Used prior to Fall 1999)
These grades are not included in compilation of cumulative figures:
F#	Failure assigned in Pass/Fail Courses
AU	Audit
H	Honors for JD Externship
L	Low Pass for Externship (Beginning Summer 2022)
IP	In Progress
NC	No Credit
W	Approved Withdrawal without Penalty
WP	Withdrawal with Penalty
WX	Approved Withdrawal without Penalty
In the academic year 2000-01 the A- and B- Grades were added. Grade equivalents were changes and are reflected above. Only Villanova Credits are computed into the cumulative average. Transfer credits from other institutions are shown under the heading “Transfer Credits” and are included in the “Earned Hour” figure only.

In recognition of its judgment that a student with, for example, nine grades of “A” and one grade of “B+” should not be considered as having other than an “A” average, even though his grade point average would be less than 4.00, the faculty has published its conception of the comparative quality of a student’s performance based on his grade point average of:
3.83 to 400 to represent an “A”	2.50 to 2.82 to represent a “B-”
3.50 to 3.82 to represent an “A-”	2.17 to 2.49 to represent a “C+”
3.17 to 3.49 to represent a “B+”	1.83 to 2.16 to represent a “C”
2.83 to 3.16 to represent a “B”	1.50 to 1.82 to represent a “C-”

Academic Years 2000-01 TO 2007-08
	Grade	Quality Points
A	Excellent	4.00
B+	Outstanding	3.50
B	Very Good	3.00
C+	Good	2.50
C	Satisfactory	2.00
C-	Marginally Satisfactory	1.75
D	Unsatisfactory	1.00
F	Failure	None
These grades included in Earned Hours Only:
P	Pass assigned in Pass/Fail Courses
XG	Re-examination of previously failed course: computed as “D” for GPA
These grades are not included in compilation of cumulative figures:
F#	Failure assigned in Pass/Fail Courses
AU	Audit
WX	Approved Withdrawal without Penalty

Academic Years 1980-81 TO 1999-00
	Grade	Quality Points
A	Excellent	4.00
B+	Outstanding	3.50
B	Very Good	3.00
C+	Good	2.50
C	Satisfactory	2.00
C-	Marginally Satisfactory	1.75
D	Unsatisfactory	1.00
F	Failure	None
In the academic year 1980-81 the B+ grade was added. This grade is equivalent to 3.50 and is described as Outstanding.

Academic Years 1971-72 TO 1979-80
	Grade	Quality Points
A	Superior	4.00
B	Very Good	3.00
C+	Good	2.50
C	Satisfactory	2.00
C-	Marginally Satisfactory	1.75
D	Unsatisfactory	1.00
F	Failure	None
In the academic year 1971-72 the C- grade was added. This grade is equivalent to 1.75 and is described as Marginally Satisfactory.

Academic Years 1965-66 TO 1970-71
	Grade	Quality Points
A	Superior	4.00
B	Very Good	3.00
C+	Good	2.50
C	Satisfactory	2.00
D	Unsatisfactory	1.00
F	Failure	None
In the academic year 1965-66, except for the classes entering prior to September 1965, which remained on the numerical system described below, the grading scale changed to a letter system.

Academic Years 1953-54 TO 1964-65
	Grade
A	90-100
B	80-89
C	70-79
D	60-69
F	Below 60
1953-54 TO 1964-65: For the classes entering before September 1965 the grading was purely numerical, the passing grade being 60 with an average of 70 required for continuance and advancement in the school.

+-Charles Widger School of Law

Academic Years 2000-01 to Present
	Grade	Quality Points
A	Excellent	4.00
A-		3.67
B+	Outstanding	3.33
B	Very Good	3.00
B-		2.67
C+	Good	2.33
C	Satisfactory	2.00
C-	Marginally Satisfactory	1.67
D	Unsatisfactory	1.00
F	Failure	<1.00
These grades included in Earned Hours Only:
P	Pass Assigned in Pass/Fail Courses
(Grade)&	Grade assigned in a Villanova MBA or Graduate Tax Program Course
*(Grade)	Grade assigned in a Villanova MBA or Graduate Tax Program Course (Used prior to Fall 1999)
These grades are not included in compilation of cumulative figures:
F#	Failure assigned in Pass/Fail Courses
AU	Audit
H	Honors for JD Externship
L	Low Pass for Externship (Beginning Summer 2022)
IP	In Progress
NC	No Credit
W	Approved Withdrawal without Penalty
WP	Withdrawal with Penalty
WX	Approved Withdrawal without Penalty
In the academic year 2000-01 the A- and B- Grades were added. Grade equivalents were changes and are reflected above. Only Villanova Credits are computed into the cumulative average. Transfer credits from other institutions are shown under the heading “Transfer Credits” and are included in the “Earned Hour” figure only.

In recognition of its judgment that a student with, for example, nine grades of “A” and one grade of “B+” should not be considered as having other than an “A” average, even though his grade point average would be less than 4.00, the faculty has published its conception of the comparative quality of a student’s performance based on his grade point average of:
3.83 to 400 to represent an “A”	2.50 to 2.82 to represent a “B-”
3.50 to 3.82 to represent an “A-”	2.17 to 2.49 to represent a “C+”
3.17 to 3.49 to represent a “B+”	1.83 to 2.16 to represent a “C”
2.83 to 3.16 to represent a “B”	1.50 to 1.82 to represent a “C-”

Academic Years 1980-81 TO 1999-00
	Grade	Quality Points
A	Excellent	4.00
B+	Outstanding	3.50
B	Very Good	3.00
C+	Good	2.50
C	Satisfactory	2.00
C-	Marginally Satisfactory	1.75
D	Unsatisfactory	1.00
F	Failure	None
In the academic year 1980-81 the B+ grade was added. This grade is equivalent to 3.50 and is described as Outstanding.

Academic Years 1971-72 TO 1979-80
	Grade	Quality Points
A	Superior	4.00
B	Very Good	3.00
C+	Good	2.50
C	Satisfactory	2.00
C-	Marginally Satisfactory	1.75
D	Unsatisfactory	1.00
F	Failure	None
In the academic year 1971-72 the C- grade was added. This grade is equivalent to 1.75 and is described as Marginally Satisfactory.

Academic Years 1965-66 TO 1970-71
	Grade	Quality Points
A	Superior	4.00
B	Very Good	3.00
C+	Good	2.50
C	Satisfactory	2.00
D	Unsatisfactory	1.00
F	Failure	None
In the academic year 1965-66, except for the classes entering prior to September 1965, which remained on the numerical system described below, the grading scale changed to a letter system.

Academic Years 1953-54 TO 1964-65
	Grade
A	90-100
B	80-89
C	70-79
D	60-69
F	Below 60
1953-54 TO 1964-65: For the classes entering before September 1965 the grading was purely numerical, the passing grade being 60 with an average of 70 required for continuance and advancement in the school.

+-Continuing Studies - College of Professional Studies

A	90-100%
B	80-89%
C	70-79%*
W	Official, approved withdrawal using the online form (online courses, except VIISTA, PayTrain® and CMA®
WX	Official, approved withdrawal using the online form (on campus/off-campus, on site course, VIISTA, PayTrain®, and CMA® courses).
I	Incomplete for on campus/off campus/onsite and online courses
T	Official Termination before course end (on campus/off campus/on site course, VIISTA, PayTrain®, and CMA® courses) – equivalent to F.
P	Pass – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses**
F	Fail – assigned in Pass/Fail Courses**
* Any grade below 70% or termination from a course is deemed an F.
** P/F grades are currently reserved for Bootcamps, Principles of Fundraising courses and